How to Get Rid of Creeping Charlie (Ground Ivy) in Your Lawn

Creeping Charlie, (also known as ground ivy, gill-over-the-ground, alehoof, tunhoof, catsfoot, field balm, and run-away-robin,) is a notorious weed that can quickly take over your lawn if left unchecked. With its aggressive growth habits and ability to thrive in shady, moist areas, this invasive plant is a common headache for homeowners. 

Creeping Charlie spreads through creeping stems that root at the nodes, making it difficult to eradicate once it has established itself. Not only does it crowd out your grass, but it can also create an uneven, patchy lawn that detracts from your yard's overall appearance.

In this article, we'll explore various methods to effectively get rid of this persistent weed, including manual removal techniques, herbicide control options, and preventative measures. 

Identifying Creeping Charlie

Before you can effectively remove ground ivy from your lawn, it's essential to accurately identify this troublesome weed. Creeping Charlie (Glechoma hederacea) is a low-growing, perennial plant that belongs to the mint family. It’s known for its ability to spread rapidly, creating dense mats that smother grass and other desirable plants.

Appearance:

• Leaves: Creeping Charlie has round to kidney-shaped leaves with scalloped edges. The leaves are a vibrant green and are often shiny, particularly when young. One of the distinctive features is the presence of a strong minty aroma when the leaves are crushed.
• Stems: The plant spreads through creeping stems, also known as stolons, which root at the nodes. These stems allow ground ivy to form extensive networks across your lawn, making it challenging to remove.
• Flowers: In the spring, creeping Charlie produces small, funnel-shaped flowers that are typically light purple or blue. These flowers grow in clusters and are located at the leaf axils, adding to the plant's ability to spread.

Where it thrives: Creeping Charlie is particularly fond of shady, moist areas, which is why it often invades lawns that have poor drainage or are heavily shaded by trees. However, it’s versatile enough to also survive in sunnier spots, making it a widespread problem in various lawn conditions.

Differentiating from similar weeds: It’s easy to confuse creeping Charlie with other low-growing weeds, such as wild violet. However, creeping Charlie’s scalloped leaves, creeping growth habit, and minty smell are key characteristics that set it apart. 

Importance of early identification: Spotting ground ivy early is crucial. Once it becomes established, it can quickly dominate large areas of your lawn, outcompeting grass and other plants. By identifying creeping Charlie correctly and early, you can take targeted action to control it before it spreads further.

Why Creeping Charlie is Hard to Get Rid Of

Ground ivy is more than just a nuisance — it's a formidable opponent in the battle for a healthy lawn. Understanding why this weed is so difficult to eliminate will help you better prepare for the challenge of controlling and ultimately removing it from your yard.

Growth Habits of Creeping Charlie

Creeping Charlie has several characteristics that make it exceptionally resilient and hard to eradicate:

• Aggressive spreading: Ground ivy spreads primarily through stolons, or creeping stems, that grow horizontally along the ground. These stems root at the nodes, allowing the plant to establish new colonies rapidly. This growth habit means that even if you remove a portion of the plant, the remaining parts can continue to grow and spread.
• Tolerance to shade and moisture: Unlike many common lawn weeds that thrive in sunny areas, ground ivy is highly adaptable to shady, damp environments. This ability allows it to flourish in parts of the lawn where grass struggles to grow, such as under trees, along fences, or in low-lying areas with poor drainage. Its tolerance to these conditions gives it a competitive edge over your turfgrass.
• Resilience to mowing: Creeping Charlie’s low-growing habit makes it less affected by regular lawn mowing. The plant’s stems often grow below the mower’s cutting height, allowing it to survive and spread even with consistent lawn care. Additionally, mowing can sometimes break up the stems, inadvertently helping the plant to root in new locations.

Why Regular Lawn Care Methods Often Fail 

Traditional lawn care methods like regular mowing, fertilizing, and watering are not enough to control creeping Charlie. Here’s why:

• Resistance to common herbicides: Many general-purpose herbicides that target broadleaf weeds are ineffective against creeping Charlie. This plant’s waxy leaves and robust root system often require specialized herbicides formulated specifically for stubborn perennials. Without the right product, ground ivy can survive treatments that would kill other weeds.
• Ability to survive harsh conditions: Creeping Charlie can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions, from drought to heavy rainfall. Its adaptability makes it particularly tough to manage, as it can quickly rebound even after adverse weather conditions that might weaken other plants.
• Persistence: Creeping Charlie is a perennial plant, meaning it returns year after year if not completely eradicated. Its ability to regenerate from even small root fragments makes it particularly persistent. If you don’t address the entire root system, the weed can come back, often more vigorously than before.

The need for targeted approaches: Given its tenacity, removing ground ivy requires more than just a one-time effort. A targeted approach is necessary, combining the right removal techniques, herbicides, and preventative measures. Consistency is key — regular monitoring and treatment over time are essential to prevent this weed from reclaiming your lawn.

Related: Which Lawn Weeds Have Purple Flowers?

Ground Ivy Manual Removal Methods

When it comes to getting rid of ground ivy, manual removal can be an effective method, especially if the infestation is still in its early stages or if you prefer to avoid chemical treatments. While this approach requires patience and persistence, it can help you tackle the problem without the use of herbicides.

Step-by-Step Guide to Manually Removing Creeping Charlie

1. Prepare your tools:

• Before starting, gather the necessary tools. You’ll need a pair of gardening gloves, a hand trowel or garden fork, and a rake. For larger infestations, a hoe or digging fork can be useful.
• Choose a day when the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Moist soil makes it easier to remove the entire root system without leaving fragments behind.

2. Hand-pulling creeping Charlie:

• Start by donning your gardening gloves to protect your hands.
• Locate the main stems of the creeping Charlie. Grasp the plant close to the ground, where the stem meets the soil.
• Gently but firmly pull the plant upward, aiming to remove the roots along with the stem. If the soil is loose enough, this will often bring up most of the root system. Be careful not to break the stems, as even small root fragments left behind can regrow.
• For areas where the plant is densely packed or well-established, use a hand trowel or garden fork to loosen the soil around the roots before pulling.

3. Using garden tools for removal:

• If ground ivy has formed a thick mat, a rake can help dislodge the plants. Use a steel rake to gently pull up the plants from the soil, being careful not to damage the surrounding grass.
• In particularly stubborn areas, a hoe or digging fork can be used to carefully lift the plants from the ground. Insert the tool a few inches away from the base of the plant and gently lever it upward to expose the roots.

4. Dispose of the debris:

• After removing the creeping Charlie, it’s important to dispose of it properly. Do not compost the plants, as they can re-root and spread. Instead, bag them and dispose of them with your regular yard waste.
• Check the area thoroughly for any remaining root fragments or pieces of the plant. Even small remnants can lead to regrowth.

When manual removal is effective: Manual removal is most effective in small infestations or areas where chemical treatments aren’t desirable, such as near vegetable gardens, play areas, or water sources.

Preventing regrowth: To prevent creeping Charlie from returning, it’s crucial to stay vigilant:

• Regular monitoring: After your initial removal effort, regularly inspect the area for signs of regrowth. New plants are easiest to remove when they’re small and haven’t yet established a deep root system.
• Timing: The best time to manually remove ground ivy is in the spring or fall when the soil is moist and the plant is actively growing. Removing the plant during these times increases the likelihood of getting the entire root system.
• Post-removal care: After clearing an area of creeping Charlie, consider overseeding the lawn with grass seed and applying a quality fertilizer to promote thick, healthy turf. A dense lawn is less likely to be invaded by creeping Charlie or other weeds.

Manual removal can be time-consuming, but it’s a satisfying and effective way to reclaim your lawn from ground ivy, especially when combined with proper lawn care practices. 

Herbicide Control Methods

For many homeowners,  herbicide control is the most efficient and effective way to tackle a large or persistent ground ivy infestation. However, selecting the right product and applying it correctly is crucial for success.

Selective Herbicides That Target Creeping Charlie

Selective herbicides are designed to kill specific types of weeds without harming your lawn. When dealing with creeping Charlie, it's important to choose a herbicide formulated to target broadleaf weeds, as ground ivy falls into this category. Some of the most effective active ingredients to look for in herbicides include:

• Triclopyr: Highly effective against tough broadleaf weeds like creeping Charlie, Triclopyr works by disrupting the growth processes within the plant. This herbicide is commonly used in both residential and commercial settings.
• Dicamba: Often combined with other active ingredients, Dicamba is another potent herbicide that targets broadleaf weeds. It works by mimicking natural plant hormones, causing uncontrolled growth that leads to the weed's death.
• 2,4-D: Frequently found with Dicamba and Triclopyr, 2,4-D is one of the most widely used herbicides for broadleaf weed control. It’s particularly effective in mixed formulations that can address multiple types of weeds at once.

How to Choose the Right Weed Killer for Creeping Charlie

• Lawn safety: Ensure the herbicide is labeled as safe for use on your specific type of turfgrass. Some herbicides can damage certain grass types, so reading the label carefully is essential.
• Environmental impact: Consider the environmental impact of the herbicide. Some products are formulated to be less harmful to beneficial insects, wildlife, and nearby plants. If environmental concerns are a priority, look for eco-friendly options or products that break down quickly in the soil.
• Ease of use: Choose a product that fits your application preferences. Herbicides are available in liquid concentrates, ready-to-use sprays, and granular forms. Depending on the size of the area and your comfort level, you might prefer one type over another.

Importance of Follow-Up Treatments and Monitoring

Creeping Charlie is a resilient weed, and complete eradication often requires persistence. Even with chemical control, new plants can emerge from seeds or missed roots. Regular monitoring and timely follow-up treatments are essential to ensure the weed is fully eradicated. Over time, consistent efforts will reduce the likelihood of ground ivy returning.

Herbicide Recommendations for Creeping Charlie

1. Recognition Herbicide - Broadleaf and Sedge Weed Control for Warm Season Turf

recognition-herbicide-broadleaf-and-sedge-weed-control-for-warm-season-turf

Struggling with ground ivy in your warm-season grass? Recognition Herbicide is your solution. This post-emergent herbicide controls over 40 types of weeds, including creeping Charlie, sedges, and broadleaf weeds like clover.

Key benefits:

• Broad spectrum control: Targets more than 40 weeds effectively.
• Safe for Southern grasses: Designed for Bermuda, Zoysia, and St. Augustinegrass with the proprietary safener metcamifen, ensuring no damage to your lawn.
• User-friendly: Wettable granules mix easily with water, covering up to 65,000 square feet. Includes a measuring spoon for precise mixing.
• Fast results: Visible effects in 1-4 weeks; rainfast in 3 hours.
• Professional application: Best used with a battery-powered 4-gallon sprayer and TeeJet foliar spray tip. Avoid application in temperatures over 95°F or winds above 10 mph.

How to use:

• Mix with water according to the measuring spoon instructions.
• Apply using the recommended sprayer for even coverage.
• Timing: Apply in mild weather, avoiding extreme temperatures and high winds.

An alternative to Recognition is Celsius WG herbicide. Celsius is a great choice when you desire increased broadleaf weed control.

2. Tenacity Herbicide — Weed Control for Cool Season Turf

tenacity-herbicide

Tenacity Herbicide is an excellent choice for effective control of broadleaf and grassy weeds in cool-season turf. This powerful herbicide handles over 46 weed species, including tough varieties like creeping Charlie, crabgrass, and goosegrass.

Key benefits:

• Broad spectrum control: Kills more than 46 weed types, including difficult weeds like Crabgrass and Goosegrass.
• Safe for cool-season grasses: Ideal for Fescue, Rye, and Kentucky Bluegrass without damaging your turf.
• Coverage: One bottle treats 43,000 to 87,000 square feet, making it efficient for large areas.
• Systemic action: Absorbed through roots, leaves, and shoots, it represses photosynthesis, effectively killing weeds.
• Visible results: Weeds will show visible whitening within 5 - 7 days and die within 10 - 14 days. Temporary whitening of the turfgrass is normal and lasts a few weeks.

Usage:

• Versatile application: Effective for pre- and post-emergence control during seeding, overseeding, and lawn renovation.
• Professional application: Use with a battery-powered 4-gallon sprayer and TeeJet foliar spray tip. Avoid hose-end sprayers.
• Timing: Apply when temperatures are below 90°F. If temperatures are high, apply in the evening or opt for spot spraying.

Note: Do not apply on Bentgrass, Kikuyugrass, Zoysiagrass, Seashore Paspalum, or Bermudagrass as it can damage or kill these grasses.

3. Broadleaf Weed Control - Triad Select 3-Way Herbicide

broadleaf-weed-control-triad-select-3-way-herbicide

For controlling broadleaf weeds, Triad Select™ Herbicide is an exceptional choice. Its powerful blend of 3 weed killers outperforms standard store-bought options and provides professional-grade results.

Key benefits:

• Effective weed control: Targets a wide range of broadleaf weeds including ground ivy, dandelion, clover, chickweed, wild onion, and broadleaf plantain.
• Grass-safe formula: Designed to control weeds without harming grass when used as directed. It’s a step up from common retail herbicides.
• Coverage: A 1-quart (32 oz) bottle covers up to 21,000 square feet, making it suitable for large lawns.
• Visible results: Weeds typically show visible effects in 10 - 14 days.

Active ingredients:

• 2,4-D (30.89%)
• MCPA (8.23%)
• Dicamba (2.77%)

Usage:

• Versatile application: Suitable for most warm and cool-season lawns, including Kentucky Bluegrass, Turf Type Tall Fescue, Ryegrass, Bermuda, and Zoysia.
• Avoid use on: Centipede and St Augustine grasses, as this product is not recommended for these types.
• Professional application: Best applied with a battery-powered 4-gallon sprayer and TeeJet foliar spray tip. Do not use hose-end sprayers.
• Timing: Apply when temperatures are below 90°F. If temperatures are high, apply in the evening or opt for spot spraying.

Preventative Measures for Long-Term Control of Creeping Charlie

Once you’ve tackled creeping Charlie in your lawn, the next step is to implement preventative measures to keep it from returning. A healthy, well-maintained lawn is your best defense against this persistent weed. By focusing on lawn care practices that promote thick, resilient grass, you can create an environment that is less conducive to weed invasions, including ground ivy.

1. Importance of Maintaining a Healthy Lawn

A dense, thriving lawn is less likely to be invaded by weeds like creeping Charlie. Healthy grass competes effectively for sunlight, water, and nutrients, making it difficult for weeds to establish themselves. 

2. Fertilization Strategies to Strengthen Grass and Deter Weed Growth

• Balanced fertilization
• Applying a balanced fertilizer provides your grass with the essential nutrients it needs to grow strong and healthy. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are the key nutrients that support root development, leaf growth, and overall lawn vitality. By feeding your lawn regularly, you can improve its density and health, making it less susceptible to weed infestations.
• The right fertilization schedule depends on your grass type and local climate, but generally, applying fertilizer in the spring and fall is ideal. Spring fertilization encourages strong growth after winter dormancy, while fall fertilization helps grass build up reserves for the next growing season.
  
• Product recommendations
• Complete 14-7-14 - Lebanon Country Club Fertilizer is a top-tier fertilizer designed to elevate your lawn to a professional level. This premium blend features essential micronutrients such as iron and magnesium, ensuring your grass remains lush and vibrant. Enriched with sea kelp and humic acid, it also enhances soil health, making it a comprehensive choice for achieving a golf course-quality lawn right at home. Ideal for any lawn needing a well-rounded boost, this fertilizer is perfect for both warm and cool-season grasses.

Benefits:

• Rapid results: Enjoy a vibrant green-up in just 5 - 7 days.
• Versatile application: Suitable for both warm and cool-season lawns.
• Enhanced greenery: Formulated with iron, magnesium, and manganese for a rich, green color.

lebanon-country-club-complete-fertilizer-14-7-14-sgn-80

Related: Lawn Fertilization Program Calculator

3. Aeration and Overseeding to Improve Lawn Density

• Aeration:
• Aeration involves perforating the soil with small holes to allow air, water, and nutrients to penetrate deeper into the soil. This process relieves soil compaction, promotes root growth, and enhances the overall health of your lawn. By improving the soil structure, aeration helps grass grow thicker, which can crowd out weeds like creeping Charlie.
• It’s best to aerate your lawn in the fall or spring, depending on your grass type. Fall is ideal for cool-season grasses, while warm-season grasses benefit from spring aeration.
  
• Overseeding:
• Overseeding involves spreading grass seed over your existing lawn to fill in bare spots and increase overall lawn density. This practice not only improves the appearance of your lawn but also reduces the chances of weeds establishing themselves in thin areas. After aeration, overseeding can help ensure that new grass fills in any gaps left by removed weeds.
• Choose a grass seed blend suited to your region and lawn conditions. Consider overseeding annually to keep your lawn thick and lush.

4. Proper Lawn Mowing Practices

• Mowing height:
• Mowing your lawn at the correct height is crucial for weed prevention. Keeping your grass at a height of 2.5 to 3.5 inches allows it to develop deeper roots and shade the soil, making it harder for weed seeds to germinate. Avoid cutting the grass too short, as this can stress the lawn and create opportunities for weeds like ground ivy to take hold.
• Adjust your mower blade to the recommended height for your grass type, and make sure it is sharp to avoid tearing the grass, which can weaken it.
  
• Regular mowing:
• Consistent mowing helps maintain lawn health and prevents weeds from setting seed. During the growing season, mow your lawn regularly, but avoid cutting more than one-third of the grass height at a time, as this can stress the grass.

5. How Biostimulants Can Enhance Lawn Resilience

• Benefits of biostimulants:
  
• Biostimulants contain natural or synthetic substances that stimulate plant growth and improve soil health. They work by enhancing the efficiency of the plant’s metabolism and increasing its ability to withstand stress, such as drought or disease. By incorporating biostimulants into your lawn care routine, you can strengthen your grass and improve its resistance to weeds, including creeping Charlie.
• Biostimulants can include ingredients like humic acids, seaweed extracts, beneficial microbes, and amino acids. These products promote healthier root systems, improve nutrient uptake, and enhance the overall vigor of your lawn.
  
• Product suggestions:
• ByoSpxtrum™ Microbial Soil Enhancer is like a superhero for your soil! It's packed with special microbes and nutrients that boost soil health. This proprietary and non-toxic ingredient blend increases the good microbes in your soil. It helps your lawn fertilizer work better.
• Improves fertilizer performance and accelerates thatch breakdown
• Boosts soil nutrient availability
• Helps restore soil biology after fungicide applications
• Easily applied along with fertilizer, insecticide, and herbicides.

byospxtrum%E2%84%A2-free-shipping

Organic and Natural Control Methods for Controlling Creeping Charlie

For those who prefer eco-friendly alternatives, organic and natural methods provide a safe way to manage ground ivy without chemicals. These methods are effective when combined with regular lawn care but may require more persistence.

1. Smothering with Mulch or Cardboard:

• Mulch: Apply a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch like wood chips over the affected area to block sunlight and air, starving the weed.
• Cardboard/newspaper: Lay down cardboard or newspaper, then cover with mulch to prevent growth while adding organic matter to the soil.

2. Boiling water:

• Pour boiling water directly onto creeping Charlie, being careful to avoid desirable plants. This method is ideal for small patches and non-chemical areas.

3. Vinegar and salt solution:

• Mix 1 gallon of vinegar, 1 cup of salt, and 1 tablespoon of dish soap. Spray directly on ground ivy, avoiding contact with grass and plants, as it can damage them.

4. Encouraging beneficial insects:

• Attract insects like ground beetles and spiders that feed on creeping Charlie seeds by planting a variety of flowering plants. Consider using organic herbicides made from clove oil or citric acid for additional control.

5. Improving soil health:

• Enhance your soil with compost and natural fertilizers like bone meal or fish emulsion. Healthy, nutrient-rich soil supports robust grass growth that can crowd out weeds.

By incorporating these organic and natural methods into your lawn care routine, you can control ground ivy effectively and sustainably. While these methods may take more time, they offer a safe, eco-friendly approach to maintaining a healthy, weed-free lawn.

Related: How To Kill Weeds Naturally

Dealing with creeping Charlie can be a challenging but manageable task with the right approach and knowledge. By understanding the weed’s characteristics and employing a combination of manual, chemical, and natural control methods, you can reclaim your lawn and maintain its health and beauty. Preventative measures, such as proper fertilization, aeration, and regular maintenance, are essential in keeping ground ivy at bay and ensuring your lawn remains lush and vibrant.

Ready to take control of creeping Charlie and achieve the lawn of your dreams? Explore our range of effective weed killers, fertilizers, and biostimulants designed to tackle even the toughest weed problems.